With thanks to colleagues from around the globe who joined JVET and the LLAKES Institute, in person and online, on Friday 22 May 2026 to celebrate JVET’s 250th Edition.
To celebrate, Stephanie Allais, Leesa Wheelahan, Markus Maurer and Bill Esmond presented viewpoints in two debates on two key theoretical traditions influential in vocational education and training research.
The first debate focussed on The Capabilities Approach, and was chaired by Simon McGrath. Leesa Wheelahan put forward her viewpoint that the human development and capability approach provides a normative framework for evaluating vocational education policies and practices, and for considering alternatives. Leesa argued that it calls attention to human flourishing rather than instrumental concerns about investment in human capital.
Stephanie Allais countered that the capabilities approach makes an important, although difficult to implement, contribution to economic debates, by drawing attention firstly to economic outcomes beyond growth, and secondly to individual differences in what is valued most. Stephanie put forward her view that the current widespread application of it in education research is problematic.
In the second debate - Institutional Theory - chaired by Moses Oketch, Markus Maurer presented his thoughts on how institutionalist theory approach is productive for researching vocational education and training (VET) because it treats skills systems not just as education arrangements, but as embedded in labour markets, firms, states, and production regimes.
Bill Esmond’s central argument shone a light on how Institutional theories have attracted interest in our field because of their recognition that skill formation systems in each country possess their own rationalities and ecologies: they appear to offer possibilities to resist the convergence of VET on neoliberal lines. Yet in discarding established understandings of social structures such as class, gender and ‘race’, Bill argued that mid-level theories neglect the active engagement in national skills policies of powerful social forces whose aims centre on maintaining social hierarchy and deepening accelerating inequalities.
With thanks to all that attended this celebratory event and for the lively participation and feedback received.